Can probiotics improve schizophrenia symptoms? Original paper

In this meta-analysis of 5 randomized controlled trials in a total of 281 men and women (ages 18–65) with schizophrenia, interventions that included probiotics reduced the severity of schizophrenia symptoms to a moderate degree.

This Study Summary was published on April 24, 2025.

The study

The majority of the trials used multistrain probiotics, which generally contained bacteria from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genuses. Three of the trials also gave the participants vitamin D or selenium. The comparator was a placebo, and the intervention durations ranged from 6 to 14 weeks. The meta-analysis included only trials with good methodological quality.

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The results

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    This Study Summary was published on April 24, 2025.