Allergic Rhinitis (Seasonal Allergies / Hay Fever)

Last Updated: October 13, 2024

Allergic rhinitis is a condition mainly characterized by runny nose, sinus congestion, sneezing, and itching after being exposed to an allergen.

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Allergic Rhinitis (Seasonal Allergies / Hay Fever) falls under theEar, Nose & Throatcategory.

What is allergic rhinitis?

Allergic rhinitis is an allergic reaction triggered by irritants like pollen, dust, pet dander, or mold and leads to inflammation of the sinuses.

What are the main signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

The main signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis include sneezing; a runny or stuffy nose; itchy, red, or watery eyes; and coughing. These symptoms can vary from mild and seasonal to severe and long lasting.

What is the difference between cold, flu, and allergic rhinitis symptoms?

How is allergic rhinitis diagnosed?

Allergic rhinitis is diagnosed through a detailed history and physical examination by a healthcare provider, and nasal corticosteroids are sometimes prescribed for symptom reduction. Additional diagnostic methods may include blood tests for allergy sensitivity, skin prick testing, and (rarely) imaging like a CT scan.

What are some of the main medical treatments for allergic rhinitis?

The main medical treatments for allergic rhinitis include antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids, delivered either intranasally or orally. Additionally, allergen exposure via tablets or injections can help improve the immune response and reduce symptoms over time.

Have any supplements been studied for allergic rhinitis?

Several supplements — including probiotics, spirulina, vitamin D, vitamin C, and vitamin E — have been studied for allergic rhinitis. However, the evidence is insufficient to recommend any specific supplementation regimen.

What probiotic strains have evidence for efficacy for hay fever?

How could diet affect allergic rhinitis?

Having a food allergy in early childhood is a risk factor for developing allergic rhinitis later in life, and introducing allergenic foods to infants may help reduce this risk, although the evidence is weak. Currently, there are no specific dietary recommendations for improving allergic rhinitis.

Are there any other treatments for allergic rhinitis?

In addition to medical treatments, management of allergic rhinitis symptoms can involve minimizing allergen exposure through methods like using air filters, regular cleaning, saline rinses, and masks. There is also some weak evidence that acupuncture may help alleviate symptoms.

What causes allergic rhinitis?

Allergic rhinitis is caused by the immune system overreacting to allergens, which leads to the release of histamine and other chemicals that produce symptoms like sneezing and a runny nose. This immune response is often maladaptive because the allergens are usually not harmful.

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References
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