Hashimoto's disease
Hashimoto’s disease, also known as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune thyroid disorder. It is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in developed countries.
Hashimoto's disease falls under theAutoimmune Diseasecategory.
Last Updated:October 13, 2024
Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, which leads to tissue damage and decreased production of thyroid hormones, resulting in hypothyroidism. It is most common in women aged 30 to 50 and is often associated with other autoimmune diseases.
The main signs and symptoms of Hashimoto's disease are primarily due to hypothyroidism and include fatigue, cold intolerance, and constipation.
Hashimoto's disease is diagnosed through a comprehensive medical history, physical examination of the thyroid gland, and blood tests that measure thyroid hormones and antibodies.
The primary treatment for Hashimoto's disease is thyroid hormone replacement, primarily using levothyroxine.
Vitamin D and selenium are the supplements that have been studied for Hashimoto's disease.
There are no specific dietary guidelines for Hashimoto's, but deficiencies in vitamin D, magnesium, iron, vitamin B12, and selenium may increase disease risk or severity. Some studies suggest that Mediterranean diets may be protective and that a high intake of meat could increase risk, whereas iodine's effects are complex.
Thyroidectomy (removal of the thyroid gland) may be considered for people with Hashimoto's disease who continue to experience symptoms despite normal thyroid hormone levels because it can help suppress the autoimmune response.
Hashimoto's disease is caused by autoimmune-induced damage to the thyroid gland in which the immune system mistakenly targets self-tissues. The condition is largely driven by genetic factors, and studies indicate that up to 79% of the risk may be hereditary.
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