Unclean cooking fuels are associated with a higher risk of several eye diseases Original paper

In this meta-analysis of 28 observational studies, the use of unclean cooking fuels (fuels that create significant pollution, including wood, kerosene, and coal) was associated with a higher risk of cataracts, as well as several other vision problems.

This Study Summary was published on March 26, 2025.

The study

The included studies were 8 cohort studies, 8 case-control studies, and 12 cross-sectional studies. All the studies were conducted in lower-income countries, most often India (14 studies).

Compared to using clean cooking fuels (e.g., natural gas, electricity, petroleum), using unclean fuels was associated with the following outcomes:

  • 129% higher odds of cataracts (14 studies)
  • 70% higher odds of visual impairment (8 studies)
  • 43% higher odds of blindness (5 studies)
  • 34% higher odds of hyperopia (farsightedness; 2 studies)
  • 44% higher odds of myopia (nearsightedness; 2 studies)
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The results

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    This Study Summary was published on March 26, 2025.

    References

    1. ^Commodore AA, Hartinger SM, Lanata CF, Mäusezahl D, Gil AI, Hall DB, Aguilar-Villalobos M, Butler CJ, Naeher LPCarbon monoxide exposures and kitchen concentrations from cookstove-related woodsmoke in San Marcos, Peru.Int J Occup Environ Health.(2013 Jan-Mar)
    2. ^Díaz E, Smith-Sivertsen T, Pope D, Lie RT, Díaz A, McCracken J, Arana B, Smith KR, Bruce NEye discomfort, headache and back pain among Mayan Guatemalan women taking part in a randomised stove intervention trial.J Epidemiol Community Health.(2007 Jan)