The study

Four of the studies were cross-sectional, and 3 were cohort studies. Vaping habits and the diagnosis of COPD were primarily self-reported. A total of 138,698 cases of COPD were reported among the participants.

Electronic cigarette users (vapers) had a 50% greater risk of developing COPD compared to nonusers. Low heterogeneity was observed. The quality of 4 studies was poor, and 3 studies were of good quality.

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The results

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    This Study Summary was published on April 24, 2025.

    References

    1. ^Chen IL, Todd I, Fairclough LCImmunological and pathological effects of electronic cigarettes.Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol.(2019 Sep)
    2. ^Schaunaman N, Crue T, Cervantes D, Schweitzer K, Robbins H, Day BJ, Numata M, Petrache I, Chu HWElectronic cigarette vapor exposure exaggerates the pro-inflammatory response during influenza A viral infection in human distal airway epithelium.Arch Toxicol.(2022 Aug)
    3. ^Vardavas CI, Anagnostopoulos N, Kougias M, Evangelopoulou V, Connolly GN, Behrakis PKShort-term pulmonary effects of using an electronic cigarette: impact on respiratory flow resistance, impedance, and exhaled nitric oxide.Chest.(2012 Jun)
    4. ^Reidel B, Radicioni G, Clapp PW, Ford AA, Abdelwahab S, Rebuli ME, Haridass P, Alexis NE, Jaspers I, Kesimer ME-Cigarette Use Causes a Unique Innate Immune Response in the Lung, Involving Increased Neutrophilic Activation and Altered Mucin Secretion.Am J Respir Crit Care Med.(2018 Feb 15)
    5. ^Wills TA, Soneji SS, Choi K, Jaspers I, Tam EKE-cigarette use and respiratory disorders: an integrative review of converging evidence from epidemiological and laboratory studies.Eur Respir J.(2021 Jan)