Aloe vera is a species of succulent perennial plants in the Aloe genus; it is known for its fleshy green leaves and available in forms such as gel, latex, and juice. It is commonly used in topical applications to relieve burns and is also incorporated into cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical products.

Aloe vera is primarily used to treat burns and skin conditions, and some evidence suggests that it may promote faster healing of burns and reduce psoriasis symptoms, though it is ineffective for radiation dermatitis. Additionally, it may benefit oral health by reducing plaque and gum inflammation, and some preparations could help alleviate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, although further research is needed to confirm these effects.

The main drawbacks of Aloe vera include the potential for hypersensitive skin reactions, toxicity risks from its latex and whole leaf extract, and possible side effects such as skin irritation, cramping, and diarrhea, particularly in individuals who are allergic to related plants. Additionally, there is a risk of herb-drug interactions and cases of acute hepatitis associated with oral use of Aloe vera.

Aloe vera works through various mechanisms due to its 75+ bioactive compounds, including antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents that protect the skin, alleviate irritation, and promote healing. Additionally, it may aid in digestion and regulate blood sugar levels by influencing glucose absorption and metabolism.