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Hydroxyapatite
•Last Updated: February 15, 2024
Hydroxyapatite is a calcium-phosphate compound which makes up the hard structural part of bones and teeth. It is used in dietary supplements as a calcium source and in toothpaste to prevent cavities and sensitivity.
Hydroxyapatite is most often used for
Last Updated:February 15, 2024
Hydroxyapatite is a calcium-phosphate mineral complex that is essential for the structural hardness of bones and teeth, and it is used in medical implants, toothpaste, and dental health supplements. It can be synthetically produced or extracted from natural sources such as fishbone and coral.
Hydroxyapatite in toothpaste helps prevent cavities and reduce dentin sensitivity; as a dietary supplement, it may slow osteoporosis and relieve related pain. It is also FDA approved as an injectable skin filler for cosmetic wrinkle treatment and facial fat loss in people with human immunodeficiency virus.
Hydroxyapatite in toothpaste or oral supplements has no known safety concerns. However, mild gastrointestinal side effects are possible with oral use, and improperly manufactured bovine-sourced supplements may carry a risk of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (human mad cow disease).
Hydroxyapatite is the primary mineral component of bones and teeth; it provides structural hardness and support through its crystalline organization. As a supplement, it serves as a dietary calcium source that may reduce bone resorption, which potentially increases bone mineral density and strength.
Note that Hydroxyapatite is also known as:
- HAP
- Microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound (MHC)
- Nanohydroxyapatite (nHA)
- Ossein-hydroxyapatite (OHC)
Hydroxyapatite should not be confused with:
- Tribasic Calcium Phosphate
In dietary supplements, ossein-hydroxyapatite and microcrystalline hydroxyapatite contain about 20-25% of elemental calcium by weight. Typical dosage of ossein-hydroxyapatite is two 830 mg tablets twice daily; each tablet contains 178 mg elemental calcium, for a daily total of 712 mg elemental calcium.[1] A typical dose of microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound is eight 500 mg capsules; each capsule contains 125 mg elemental calcium, for a daily total of 1000 mg elemental calcium.[2]
In toothpaste, hydroxyapatite concentration is typically 10%.[3]
- ^Castelo-Branco C, Ciria-Recasens M, Cancelo-Hidalgo MJ, Palacios S, Haya-Palazuelos J, Carbonell-Abelló J, Blanch-Rubió J, Martínez-Zapata MJ, Manasanch J, Pérez-Edo LEfficacy of ossein-hydroxyapatite complex compared with calcium carbonate to prevent bone loss: a meta-analysis.Menopause.(2009)
- ^Bristow SM, Gamble GD, Stewart A, Horne L, House ME, Aati O, Mihov B, Horne AM, Reid IRAcute and 3-month effects of microcrystalline hydroxyapatite, calcium citrate and calcium carbonate on serum calcium and markers of bone turnover: a randomised controlled trial in postmenopausal women.Br J Nutr.(2014-Nov-28)
- ^Habibah TU, Amlani DV, Brizuela MHydroxyapatite Dental MaterialStatPearls.(2024-01)
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- ^Castelo-Branco C, Dávila J, Alvarez L, Balasch JComparison of the effects of calcium carbonate and ossein-hydroxyapatite complex on back and knee pain and quality of life in osteopenic perimenopausal women.Maturitas.(2015-May)
- ^Ridenour B, Kontis TCInjectable calcium hydroxylapatite microspheres (Radiesse).Facial Plast Surg.(2009-May)
- ^Pines A, Raafat H, Lynn AH, Whittington JClinical trial of microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound ('Ossopan') in the prevention of osteoporosis due to corticosteroid therapy.Curr Med Res Opin.(1984)
- ^Castelo-Branco C, Cancelo Hidalgo MJ, Palacios S, Ciria-Recasens M, Fernández-Pareja A, Carbonell-Abella C, Manasanch J, Haya-Palazuelos JEfficacy and safety of ossein-hydroxyapatite complex versus calcium carbonate to prevent bone loss.Climacteric.(2020-Jun)
- ^Food and Drug Administration, HHSUse of materials derived from cattle in human food and cosmetics; reopening of the comment period. Interim final rule; reopening of the comment period.Fed Regist.(2013 Mar 4)
- ^Beisel CE, Morens DMVariant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and the acquired and transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.Clin Infect Dis.(2004-Mar-01)
- ^Deroisy R, Zartarian M, Meurmans L, Nelissenne N, Micheletti MC, Albert A, Reginster JYAcute changes in serum calcium and parathyroid hormone circulating levels induced by the oral intake of five currently available calcium salts in healthy male volunteers.Clin Rheumatol.(1997-May)
- ^Tai V, Leung W, Grey A, Reid IR, Bolland MJCalcium intake and bone mineral density: systematic review and meta-analysisBMJ.(2015 Sep 29)