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Milk Thistle
•Last Updated: February 26, 2024
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) contains silymarin, a complex of plant compounds known for their hepatoprotective (liver-protecting) properties.
Milk Thistle is most often used for
Last Updated:February 26, 2024
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family that is native to Southern Europe, Central Asia, and Ethiopia; it is known for its distinctive white-veined leaves and ability to grow up to 6 feet tall. It blooms from June to August and produces black seeds that are harvested for medicinal use, and its extracts contain 70% to 80% of the compound silymarin.
Milk thistle's main benefits are primarily attributed to its bioactive extract, silymarin. For detailed information on silymarin's benefits, refer to the specific silymarin page.
The main drawbacks of milk thistle are not extensively covered because research has primarily focused on its bioactive extract, silymarin. For detailed information on silymarin's drawbacks, refer to the specific silymarin page.
Milk thistle works primarily through its main bioactive extract, silymarin. For detailed mechanisms of action, refer to the silymarin page.
Note that Milk Thistle is also known as:
- Marian thistle
- Mary thistle
- St Mary’s thistle
- Our Lady’s thistle
- Holy thistle
- Sow thistle
- Blessed Virgin thistle
- Christ’s crown
- Venue thistle
- Heal thistle
- Variegated Thistle
- Wild Artichoke
- Carduus Marianus
- Silybum marianum
Milk Thistle should not be confused with:
- Artichoke Extract (despite Milk Thistle being known as 'Wild Artichoke')
- Sphaeranthus Indicus (East Indian Thistle)
Milk thistle supplements are sold in the form of capsules, tablets, and tinctures and also exist as intravenous solutions (only available in hospital settings).
The recommended daily dosage of any given milk thistle supplement depends on both the treatment purpose and the supplement’s silymarin content.
When silymarin is used for hepatoprotection, the recommended daily dosage typically falls in the range of 420 mg to 600 mg of silymarin per day, usually taken in three split doses.[1][2]
Research FeedRead all studies
2023-08-21 00:30:03
New studies added to the database
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We added some extra studies related to liver enzymes to this database
Written By
Reviewed By
- ^Saller R, Brignoli R, Melzer J, Meier RAn updated systematic review with meta-analysis for the clinical evidence of silymarin.Forsch Komplementmed.(2008-Feb)
- ^Anton Gillessen, Hartmut H-J SchmidtSilymarin as Supportive Treatment in Liver Diseases: A Narrative ReviewAdv Ther.(2020 Apr)
- ^Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.: Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Cited December 14, 2023(2023)
- ^Milk Thistle \(Aug 2020)
- ^Post-White J, Ladas EJ, Kelly KMAdvances in the use of milk thistle (Silybum marianum).Integr Cancer Ther.(2007-Jun)
- ^Karimi G, Vahabzadeh M, Lari P, Rashedinia M, Moshiri M"Silymarin", a promising pharmacological agent for treatment of diseases.Iran J Basic Med Sci.(2011-Jul)
- ^Jacobs BP, Dennehy C, Ramirez G, Sapp J, Lawrence VAMilk thistle for the treatment of liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Am J Med.(2002-Oct-15)
- Milk Production - Peila C, Coscia A, Tonetto P, Spada E, Milani S, Moro G, Fontana C, Vagliano L, Tortone C, Di Bella E, Bertino EEvaluation of the galactogogue effect of silymarin on mothers of preterm newborns (<32 weeks).Pediatr Med Chir.(2015-Dec-29)
- Milk Production - Francesco Di Pierro, Alberto Callegari, Domenico Carotenuto, Marco Mollo TapiaClinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of BIO-C (micronized Silymarin) as a galactagogueActa Biomed.(2008 Dec)
- Acne Symptoms - Ahmed Salih Sahib, Haidar Hamid Al-Anbari, Mohammed Salih, and Fatima AbdullahEffects of Oral Antioxidants on Lesion Counts Associated with Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Papulopustular AcneJournal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology Research .()